What are the differences between the Umayyad Caliphate and the Abbasid caliphate?

The Abbasids distinguished themselves from the Umayyads by attacking their moral character and administration. In particular, they appealed to non-Arab Muslims, known as mawali, who remained outside the kinship-based society of the Arabs and were perceived as a lower class within the Umayyad empire.

Did the Umayyad Caliphate defeat the Abbasid caliphate?

ʿAbbasid caliphate. ʿAbbasid caliphate, second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire of the caliphate. It overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 ce and reigned as the Abbasid caliphate until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258.

How long did the Umayyad Caliphate rule the Islamic empire?

When did it rule? The Umayyad Caliphate ruled the Islamic Empire from 661-750 CE. It succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate when Muawiyah I became Caliph after the First Muslim Civil War. Muawiyah I established his capital in the city of Damascus where the Umayyads would rule the Islamic Empire for nearly 100 years.

Why did the Abbasids take over the Umayyad Caliphate?

Non-Arabs were treated as second-class citizens regardless of whether or not they converted to Islam, and this discontent cutting across faiths and ethnicities ultimately led to the Umayyads’ overthrow. The Abbasid family claimed to have descended from al-Abbas, an uncle of Muhammad.

How did the Umayyad Caliphate spread Islam?

During the period of the Umayyads, Arabic became the administrative language, in which state documents and currency were issued. Mass conversions brought a large influx of Muslims to the caliphate.

What was a characteristic of the Umayyad Caliphate Kingdom?

The Umayyad Caliphate ruled over a vast multiethnic and multicultural population. Christians, who still constituted a majority of the caliphate’s population, and Jews were allowed to practice their own religion but had to pay a head tax (the jizya) from which Muslims were exempt.

How did the Abbasids impact the Islamic empire?

The Abbasids maintained an unbroken line of caliphs for over three centuries, consolidating Islamic rule and cultivating great intellectual and cultural developments in the Middle East in the Golden Age of Islam. Abbasid control eventually disintegrated, and the edges of the empire declared local autonomy.

Why did the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyads?

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