What do chylomicrons get broken down into?

Where are chylomicrons made? Chylomicrons are made in the intestines following the absorption of digested fat. In these tissues, an enzyme called lipoprotein lipase breaks down the triglycerides within the chylomicrons into free fatty acids.

How are chylomicrons involved in lipid metabolism?

Chylomicrons transport lipids absorbed from the intestine to adipose, cardiac, and skeletal muscle tissue, where their triglyceride components are hydrolyzed by the activity of the lipoprotein lipase, allowing the released free fatty acids to be absorbed by the tissues.

What is the metabolism of lipoprotein?

As the liver senses a decrease in cholesterol production, it attempts to compensate by increasing the number of LDL receptors on the surface of its cells, which leads to increased uptake of two lipoproteins, LDL and VLDL, into the liver, which then metabolizes into cholesterol and other molecules.

What is the function of chylomicrons?

Chylomicrons. Chylomicrons (Fig. 20-14) are formed in the intestinal epithelium to transport long-chain triglycerides to the tissues. Medium- and short-chain fats are transported directly to the liver through the portal circulation without packaging into lipoprotein particles.

Do chylomicrons contain bile salts?

Lipids are hydrophobic substances. Bile contains bile salts, which have hydrophobic and hydrophilic sides. Chylomicrons contain triglycerides, cholesterol, and other lipids; they have proteins on their surface. The surface is also composed of the hydrophilic phosphate “heads” of phospholipids.

How do most chylomicrons enter the lymphatic system?

Nearly all dietary lipid is transported in chylomicrons from the gut to the blood through the lymphatic system by entering specialized lymphatic vessels, referred to as lacteals, in the villi of the intestine (Fig. 1).

What are chylomicrons coated with?

Thus, chylomicrons are fat droplets coated with steroids and proteins. Chylomicrons are conjugated protein particles that arise from the endoplasmic reticulum of the cells. Chylomicrons consist of triglycerides, phospholipids, sterol, and proteins.

What are the lipids carried by chylomicrons?

Chylomicrons are composed of a main central lipid core that consists primarily of triglycerides, however like other lipoproteins, they carry esterified cholesterol and phospholipids.

Where are chylomicrons broken down?

On the endothelium surface of capillaries, chylomicron triglycerides are broken-down by lipoprotein lipase (LPL); the lipolysis products, fatty acids and glycerol are stored in adipose and muscle tissues and the resulting triglyceride-depleted remnants are finally taken-up by the liver [1, 2].

Is chylomicron a lipoprotein?

Chylomicrons are large triglyceride-rich lipoproteins produced in enterocytes from dietary lipids—namely, fatty acids, and cholesterol. Chylomicrons are composed of a main central lipid core that consists primarily of triglycerides, however like other lipoproteins, they carry esterified cholesterol and phospholipids.

What is chylomicrons in zoology?

Chylomicrons (CMs) are large, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins that are produced in intestinal enterocytes in response to fat ingestion, which function to transport the ingested lipids to different tissues.

What happens to chylomicrons in the liver?

Chylomicrons are formed in the intestine and transport dietary triglyceride to peripheral tissues and cholesterol to the liver. It is rapidly removed from the circulation by the liver.

What is the pathway of chylomicron metabolism?

Chylomicron metabolism starts with the absorption of dietary lipids by intestinal epithelial cells. Next, MTP lipidates the chylomicron structural protein, Apo B-48.

What is the function of chylomicron?

Function of chylomicrons is to transport exogenous triglyceride to adipose tissue (for storage). Step I- Formation of Nascent Chylomicron- contains triglyceride, cholestryl ester, cholesterol, lipid, apo B-48 & apo A. Step II- Formation of Mature Chylomicron- by receiving apo C-II and apo E from HDL. Chylomicron remnant is taken up by the liver.

How do chylomicrons enter and exit the enterocyte?

Metabolism Chylomicrons exit the enterocyte via the lacteals into the systemic circulation. Here they are acted on by LPL with its cofactor Apo-CII, which cleaves off FA moieties, which in muscle and adipose tissue are immediately mobilized for energy or stored for future use.

What is the hepatic uptake of chylomicron remnants?

The hepatic uptake of chylomicrons remnants is based on a receptor-mediated endocytosis, that involves the recognition of chylomicron remnant ApoE by receptors on the surface of liver cells.