In which position electrophilic attack on nitrobenzene takes place?

Nitrobenzene undergoes electophilic substitution at m – position, while nucleophilic substitution occurs ar o – and p – position.

Why is meta directing in electrophilic substitution reaction?

In electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, the nitro group is meta directing because it. Thus, m-position becomes a point of relatively high electron density and further substitution by electrophile occurs at m-position.

Why does nitrobenzene undergoes electrophilic substitution with difficulty?

Nucleophiles are electron-rich. Due to the presence of an electron cloud of delocalized electrons on the benzene ring nucleophilic attack is difficult. Hence, they are repelled by benzene. Hence, benzene undergoes nucleophilic substitutions with difficulty.

Is an meta directing group in electrophilic reaction?

Meta Directive Effects Groups in which the atom directly attached to the benzene ring have a partial or complete positive charge tend to pull electrons toward themselves. Such groups are called electron withdrawing groups and are meta directing groups in electrophilic aromatic substitution.

Why does carbomethoxy group direct the reaction to positions that are meta to it?

In the nitration of methyl benzoate why does the carbomethoxy group direct the reaction to positions which are meta to it? due to the R group on the oxygen, the electron density at ortho and para positions are reduced. Why does water have a retarding effect on nitration?

Is nitrobenzene meta directing group?

Yes, Nitro-group is meta-directing. The nitro group strongly deactivates the benzene ring towards electrophilic substitution. Nitro group is electron withdrawing group and thus causes electron deficiency at ortho and para positrons as is clear from the resonating structures of nitro benzene.

Why electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position?

(ii) Electrophilic substitution in benzoic acid takes place at meta position. as there is a positive charge on ortho and para position, the electron density is higher at meta position and hence electrophilic substitution takes place at meta position.

Which of the following undergoes electrophilic substitution reaction more readily?

So, phenol undergoes electrophilic substitution more easily than benzene.

Why does nitration occur at the meta position of methyl benzoate instead of ortho and para position?

The electrophile or the nitronium ion attached to the meta position in the benzene ring because of the carboxyl group being meta-deactivator that made the reaction took place in the meta position and the ortho and para positions are destabilized.

Why does nitrobenzene show electrophilic substitution on nitration?

Nitro group is deactivating and meta directing.Hence nitrobenzene shows electrophilic substitution at meta position and hence on nitration meta substituted product is obtained. In phenol,OH group is directly attached to the benzene ring.

Where do electrophilic substitution reactions occur in methoxybenzene?

As a result, electrophilic substitution reactions occur in the ortho and para positions. Earlier, we explained that in methoxybenzene (anisole), the substitution reaction occurs in ortho and para. This is because the electron-donating group bonds to the benzene ring, causing it to exhibit ortho-para orientation.

What is meta orientation in electrophilic substitution reaction?

In electron-withdrawing groups, they are meta-orientation. When an electrophilic substitution reaction occurs in an aromatic compound, we can assume that the substitution reaction occurs at the meta position, not at the ortho or para position. For example, nitrobenzene resonates as follows.

How does the nitro group influence the charge distribution in benzene?

This is how the Nitro group influences the charge distribution in Benzene. If you notice the Ortho and Para positions have a positive charge in three out of the four resonance structures possible. This is a result of the electron withdrawing nature of the Nitro group.