How living tissue and DNA is affected by different types of electromagnetic radiation?

When cells are exposed to electromagnetic radiation, these DNA strands can be broken. This can cause lots of problems. If DNA is damaged, it can impair the ability of living cells to function the way they should. Other types of radiation, like X-rays and gamma rays, can have even more profound effects.

What is the effect of electromagnetic waves on biological samples?

In the presence of EMF, electric charges and currents in biological tissues undergo an interaction with the field forces. Time-varying fields produce eddy currents, which are able to stimulate excitable tissues at low frequencies. Magnetic brain stimulation, for instance, may be realized by this effect.

Which electromagnetic waves can damage the DNA of cells?

The results showed a significant increase in DNA strand breaks in the cells exposed to extremely low-frequency EMF. At the same time, the researchers reported that the exposure to radiofrequency EMF led to significant increase of oxidative DNA base damage (SAR 4 W/kg).

What form of electromagnetic radiation has the most energy?

Gamma rays
Gamma rays have the highest energies and shortest wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum.

How does electromagnetic waves affect the environment?

Apart from some minor local effects no significant effects of EMF on environmental species have been identified. Studies occasionally published on the effects of EMF on species in the environment have generally been scattered in focus and uneven in quality.

What are the effects of the EM waves on living things and environment when exposed to large amount?

For example, high energy microwave radiation at frequencies from 300 MHz to 300 GHz can be carcinogenic and cause thermal effects, increasing the temperature of exposed organisms.

What does electromagnetic waves depend on?

Electromagnetic waves, like any wave, have a finite speed value which is dependent upon the properties of the medium through which it flows. The speed of a wave is independent of its frequency and wavelength. A change in the frequency value will not result in a change in the speed value.

Can magnetic field change DNA?

In contrast to the common impression that exposure to a magnetic field of low frequency causes mutations to organisms, we have demonstrated that a magnetic field can actually enhance the efficiency of DNA repair. This result was indicative that the efficiency of DNA repair had been improved.

Can electromagnetic waves alter DNA?

Ionizing radiation has enough energy to ionize an atom or molecules. Therefore, it has the capacity to damage the DNA. Whereas, non-ionizing radiation such as microwave and radio frequency do not have enough energy to move charges. Thus, it cannot alter the DNA.

What produces electromagnetic radiation?

EM radiation is created when an atomic particle, such as an electron, is accelerated by an electric field, causing it to move. The movement produces oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which travel at right angles to each other in a bundle of light energy called a photon.

Which set correctly lists the types of electromagnetic radiation in order from least to most energetic?

The order of energy from least to greatest is: microwaves, infrared, red, ultraviolet, and gamma waves.

What is collagen and how does it work?

Collagen is present in large quantities in connective tissue and provides tendons and ligaments with tensile strength, and skin with elasticity. It often works in conjunction with other important proteins, such as keratin and elastin.

What is the primary and secondary structure of collagen?

• The primary structure of collagen is tissue- specific. Type I in tendon, type II in cartilage, etc. • The secondary and the tertiary structures are specific substrates for the metalloprotein enzyme collagenase that degrades collagen fibers. Remodeling of tissues during wound healing by collagenase.

Where are collagens found in tissues?

Thus, collagens are the major structural element of all connective tissues and are also found in the interstitial tissue of virtually all parenchymal organs, where they contribute to the stability of tissues and organs and maintain their structural integrity.

What is the quaternary structure of collagen?

Quaternary structure: Several collagen molecules pack side-by-side in a highly specific register to give a crystalline fiber with a 64-nm periodicity (collagen banding pattern). The architectural structure of collagen is uniaxial orientation in tendon, biaxial orientation in the dermis, etc.