How is genetic code translated?

The genetic code is a set of three-letter combinations of nucleotides called codons, each of which corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal. Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins. Elongation continues until all of the codons are read.

How the genetic code is interpreted by the cell in a way that determines the order of amino acids?

The genetic code is made up of codons, which are three-letter chains of nucleotides. Each codon codes for one specific amino acid. The code determines the order in which amino acids are added to a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. Therefore, the genetic code dictates the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

How do cells read the genome from DNA to proteins?

The DNA in genomes does not direct protein synthesis itself, but instead uses RNA as an intermediary molecule. When the cell needs a particular protein, the nucleotide sequence of the appropriate portion of the immensely long DNA molecule in a chromosome is first copied into RNA (a process called transcription).

What are the main features of genetic code?

Characteristics of the Genetic Code

• The genetic code is universal. All known living organisms use the same genetic code.
• The genetic code is unambiguous. Each codon codes for just one amino acid (or start or stop).
• The genetic code is redundant. Most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon.

What is the importance of genetic code?

The genetic code is (nearly) universal A genetic code shared by diverse organisms provides important evidence for the common origin of life on Earth. That is, the many species on Earth today likely evolved from an ancestral organism in which the genetic code was already present.

How does a cell know which genes to express?

How do these cues help a cell “decide” what genes to express? Cells don’t make decisions in the sense that you or I would. Instead, they have molecular pathways that convert information—such as the binding of a chemical signal to its receptor—into a change in gene expression.

How would the role of gene expression in cells best be described?

Gene expression is a tightly regulated process that allows a cell to respond to its changing environment. It acts as both an on/off switch to control when proteins are made and also a volume control that increases or decreases the amount of proteins made.

How does the cell read the genetic code?

The genetic code is read one carbon or at least three bases at a time. Though each codon except the stop codon, codes for amino acid. Rate! Answer. The cell interprets the genetic code by reading three “letters” at a time, so that the “word” is three bases long and corresponds to a single amino acid.

What is the meaning of genetic code?

Genetic Code. The instructions in a gene that tell the cell how to make a specific protein. A, C, G, and T are the “letters” of the DNA code; they stand for the chemicals adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T), respectively, that make up the nucleotide bases of DNA. Each gene’s code combines the four chemicals in various ways

How do genes code for amino acids?

Each gene’s code combines the four chemicals in various ways to spell out three-letter “words” that specify which amino acid is needed at every step in making a protein.

What are the letters of the DNA code called?

A, C, G, and T are the “letters” of the DNA code; they stand for the chemicals adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and thymine (T), respectively, that make up the nucleotide bases of DNA.