Table of Contents
- 1 What determines how much ATP a cell produces?
- 2 How do human cells generate more ATP?
- 3 How many ATP are produced in the mitochondria?
- 4 How much ATP is produced in each step of cellular respiration?
- 5 What do you know about ATP?
- 6 How much ATP does a cell produce per second?
- 7 How much ATP is produced from oxidative phosphorylation?
- 8 How much ATP does fermentation produce?
What determines how much ATP a cell produces?
In eukaryotic cells, the theoretical maximum yield of ATP generated per glucose is 36 to 38, depending on how the 2 NADH generated in the cytoplasm during glycolysis enter the mitochondria and whether the resulting yield is 2 or 3 ATP per NADH.
How do human cells generate more ATP?
The process human cells use to generate ATP is called cellular respiration. It results in the creation of 36 to 38 ATP per molecule of glucose. It consists of a series of stages, beginning in the cell cytoplasm and moving to the mitochondria, the “power plants” of eukaryotic cells.
How much ATP does a human cell produce?
So the average cell in the human body produces ∼107–108 ATP/s, roughly consistent with the estimate of the energetic cost of protein turnover and several orders of magnitude more energy than we estimated that keratocyte motility requires.
How many ATP are produced in the mitochondria?
| Name of process | Site | Total ATP formation |
|---|---|---|
| Glycolysis | Cytoplasm | 2NADH(i.e. 6ATP)+ 2ATP = 8ATP |
| Conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA | Cytoplasm | 2NADH = 6ATP |
| Kreb’s cycle | Mitochondria | 6NADH + 2 FADH + 2GTP = 18ATP +4ATP + 2ATP = 24 ATP |
How much ATP is produced in each step of cellular respiration?
How much ATP is produced in all three stages combined? Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules, and the Krebs cycle produces 2 more. Electron transport from the molecules of NADH and FADH2 made from glycolysis, the transformation of pyruvate, and the Krebs cycle creates as many as 32 more ATP molecules.
How much ATP is stored in the body?
It is estimated that there is only about 100g of ATP and about 120g of phosphocreatine stored in the body, mostly within the muscle cells. Together ATP and phosphocreatine are called ‘high-energy’ phosphates as large amounts of energy are released quickly during their breakdown.
What do you know about ATP?
Adenosine 5′-triphosphate, or ATP, is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. It is often referred to as the energy currency of the cell and can be compared to storing money in a bank.
How much ATP does a cell produce per second?
A single cell uses about 10 million ATP molecules per second and recycles all of its ATP molecules about every 20-30 seconds. An arrow shows the bond between two phosphate groups in an ATP molecule.
How much energy does a human cell have?
Typically approximately 20\% of a cell is solid matter with a chemical free energy content relative to equilibrium (CO2, H2O, and N2) of approximately 5 kcal/gram. Thus the chemical free energy content of a cell is approximately L^3 kcal.
How much ATP is produced from oxidative phosphorylation?
Oxidative phosphorylation produces 24–28 ATP molecules from the Kreb’s cycle from one molecule of glucose converted into pyruvate.
How much ATP does fermentation produce?
Fermentation does not involve an electron transport system, and no ATP is made by the fermentation process directly. Fermenters make very little ATP—only two ATP molecules per glucose molecule during glycolysis.