What is the mechanism of action for kanamycin?

Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections. Kanamycin works by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.

What kind of bacteria does kanamycin kill?

Spectrum of activity Kanamycin is indicated for short-term treatment of bacterial infections caused by one or more of the following pathogens: E. coli, Proteus species (both indole-positive and indole-negative), Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia marcescens, and Acinetobacter species.

How does kanamycin inhibit cell growth?

Kanamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Aminoglycosides work by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of t-RNA, leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize proteins vital to its growth.

Is kanamycin bactericidal or bacteriostatic?

Both kanamycin (t½ 2–4 h) and amikacin (t½ 2–4 h) are bactericidal drugs of the aminoglycoside class, valuable in patients with resistance to streptomycin.

Is kanamycin effective against E coli?

The aminoglycoside antibiotic kanamycin damages DNA bases in Escherichia coli: caffeine potentiates the DNA-damaging effects of kanamycin while suppressing cell killing by ciprofloxacin in Escherichia coli and Bacillus anthracis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother.

For what purpose would kanamycin be ordered?

Kanamycin injection is indicated in the short-term treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of the designated microorganisms below.

Does kanamycin kill gram-positive or negative bacteria?

Kanamycin is active at low concentrations against many Gram-positive bacteria, including penicillin-resistant staphylococci. Gentamicin and Tobramycin are mainstays for treatment of Pseudomonas infections.

How do you inject kanamycin?

1. Intramuscular Route. Inject deeply into the upper outer quadrant of the gluteal muscle.
2. Intravenous Administration. The dose should not exceed 15 mg/kg per day and must be administered slowly.
3. Intraperitoneal Use.
4. Aerosol Treatment.
5. Other Routes of Administration.
6. Stability.

How does kanamycin act on E coli?

kanamycin binds the decoding region at the 3′ end of rRNA which may prevent tRNA from binding to the ribosomal A site [5]. This results in inhibition of protein translation by preventing protein elongation.

Is kanamycin a broad spectrum antibiotic?

Kanamycin A is similar to streptomycin and neomycines, and it possesses a broad spectrum of antimicrobial action. It is active with respect to most Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms (staphylococci, colon bacillus, klebisella, Fridlender’s bacillus, proteus, shigella, salmonella).

What are the side effects of kanamycin?

Kanamycin side effects

• changes in your hearing;
• spinning sensation, problems with balance;
• ringing or roaring sound in your ears;
• numbness or tingling of your skin;
• muscle twitching, seizure (convulsions); or.
• urinating less than usual or not at all.

How does chloramphenicol work?

Chloramphenicol is used in the treatment of infections caused by bacteria. It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth.

What is kanamycin used to treat?

Kanamycin is an antibiotic that acts on the proteins of bacteria, preventing the protein to grow. This in turn prevents the bacteria itself from growing and resulting in its destruction. Antibiotics are secondary metabolites produced by bacteria that act against another genus or sometimes even species of bacteria.

How do bacteria become resistant to kanamycin?

Bacteria that have been transformed with a plasmid containing the kanamycin resistance gene are plated on kanamycin (50-100 ug/ml) containing agar plates or are grown in media containing kanamycin (50-100 ug/ml). Only the bacteria that have successfully taken up the kanamycin resistance gene become resistant and will grow under these conditions.

What is the half life of kanamycin in severely burned patients?

In severely burned patients the half-life may be significantly decreased and resulting serum concentrations may be lower than anticipated from the mg per kg dose. Kanamycin, an aminoglycoside, acts by inhibiting the synthesis of protein in susceptible microorganisms.

What are the products produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus?

While the main product produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus is kanamycin A, additional products are also produced, including kanamycin B, kanamycin C, kanamycin D and kanamycin X. The kanamycin biosynthetic pathway can be divided into two parts.