What is the role of sulphuric acid in the nitration of phenol?

In the protonation of nitric acid by sulfuric acid, the source of the nitronium ion induces the removal of a water molecule and the creation of a nitronium ion. The first step in benzene nitration is to activate HNO3 with sulfuric acid to create a nitronium ion, a stronger electrophile.

What happens when phenol reacts with sulphuric acid?

When phenol reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid, Phenol reacts with sulfuric acid giving substituted phenols. H2SO4 gives a mixture of o- and p- products and then at room temperature o- product is more stable, which on treatment with conc. HNO3 will yield o-nitrophenol.

Is sulfuric acid a catalyst for nitration?

The concentrated sulphuric acid is acting as a catalyst. The electrophile is the “nitronium ion” or the “nitryl cation”, NO2+. This is formed by reaction between the nitric acid and the sulphuric acid.

What is the action of conc H2SO4 on phenol?

Action of conc. H2SO4 at room temperature on phenol: At 298 K, phenol reacts with conc. H2SO4 forming o-phenol sulphonic acid as major product.

When phenol is nitrated by conc hno3 and h2so4 the product is?

The reaction of conc.

What is the role of sulfuric acid in the nitration of methyl benzoate with nitric acid?

Nitric and sulfuric acid react to form the nitronium ion electrophile. Nucleophilic π electrons attack the nitronium ion giving methyl 3-nitrobenzoate.

What is nitration of phenol?

Nitration of Phenols. When phenol is treated with concentrated nitric acid, the nitration results in the formation of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (commonly called picric acid). Formation of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol.

When phenol acts as an acid a ion is produced?

Reactivity of phenols is higher than alcohols because phenols react with aqueous sodium hydroxide to produce phenoxide ion. Phenol is acidic in nature because it can lose hydrogen ions from its OH bond, as on losing this hydrogen phenoxide ion is formed which is stable.

Why sulphuric acid is added in nitration reaction?

Sulfuric acid is needed in order for a good electrophile to form. Sulfuric acid protonates nitric acid to form the nitronium ion (water molecule is lost). The nitronium ion is a very good electrophile and is open to attack by benzene. Without sulfuric acid the reaction would not occur.

When phenol is treated with conc HNO3 in the presence of conc H2SO4 the product is?

– Phenol will undergo nitration reaction in the presence of conc. nitric acid, $HN{{O}_{3}}$ to give 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol which is also known as picric acid.

When phenol is nitrated product obtained is?

Nitration of Phenols When phenol is treated with concentrated nitric acid, the nitration results in the formation of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol (commonly called picric acid).

When nitration of phenol is carried out with conc nitric acid in the presence of conc sulphuric acid the product formed is?

The reaction of phenol with concentrated nitric acid in the presence of sulphuric acid, however, is a tri-nitration reaction. the product is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (commonly called picric acid ).

What is the product formed when Phenol reacts with concentrated nitric acid?

Nitration of phenol with concentrated nitric acid gives. The reaction of phenol with nitric acid is a mono-nitration reaction i.e. Only one hydrogen atom gets replaced per molecule of phenol. The products formed are o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol. The reaction of phenol with concentrated nitric acid in the presence of sulphuric acid, however,

What happens when concentrated nitric acid reacts with concentrated sulphuric acid?

AwwWith concentrated nitric acid in the presence of concentrated sulphuric acid gives nitro group on 3 positions of phenol. The product is only 2,4,6 trinitro phenol or Picric acid. You get 2 products both being single substituted products.

What is the best base for nitration of sulfuric acid?

Even Lewis Bases like AlCl3, BF3 can be used. The mixture of Sulphuric Acid and Nitric Acid is known as Mixed Acid. This is used on a commercial scale for Nitration. But basically there can 100 other ways to introduce the [NO2] group in your compound. Concentrated HNO3 by itself can also act as Nitrating Agent.

What happens when nitronium nitrate reacts with benzene?

The nitronium ion reacts with benzene to form the sigma complex, which then loses a proton to generate the aromatic product. Sulfonation of Benzene Benzene will react with sulfur trioxide, and in the presence of an acid, aryl sulfonic acidsare produced.