What is the significance of the nitrogen base sequence in a DNA strand?

A DNA molecule consists of two strands wound around each other, with each strand held together by bonds between the bases. Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine. The sequence of bases in a portion of a DNA molecule, called a gene, carries the instructions needed to assemble a protein.

How are the nitrogen bases of DNA arranged?

The nitrogen bases are ring compounds with their carbon and nitrogen atoms arranged in single or double rings. Only certain bases can pair together to form base pairs. In DNA, Adenine (A) always pairs with thymine (T), and guanine (G) always pairs with cytosine (C).

What is the order of bases along a DNA strand?

If you think of the double-helix structure as a ladder, the phosphate and sugar molecules would be the sides, while the base pairs would be the rungs. The bases on one strand pair with the bases on another strand: Adenine pairs with thymine (A-T), and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C).

Which nitrogen bases fit together to make base pairs?

Base pairs occur when nitrogenous bases make hydrogen bonds with each other. Each base has a specific partner: guanine with cytosine, adenine with thymine (in DNA) or adenine with uracil (in RNA). The hydrogen bonds are weak, allowing DNA to ‘unzip’.

Which purine bases are joined in DNA?

Purine bases present in DNA are adenine and guanine.

What are the two types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA?

Nitrogenous bases present in the DNA can be grouped into two categories: purines (Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)), and pyrimidine (Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)). Nucleotides include: (1) a nitrogenous base, (2) a five-carbon monosaccharide (aldopentose), and (3) phosphoric acid. Nitrogenous bases.

How does the double stranded DNA molecule become single stranded?

Before DNA can be replicated, the double stranded molecule must be “unzipped” into two single strands. DNA has four bases called adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C)and guanine (G)that form pairs between the two strands. Adenine only pairs with thymine and cytosine only binds with guanine.

How many nucleotide bases are there in a nucleotide?

Nucleic acids contain five different nucleotide bases. Three are pyrimidines and two purines. The pyrimidine bases are thymine (5-methyl-2,4-dioxipyrimidine), cytosine (2-oxo-4-aminopyrimidine), and uracil (2,4-dioxoypyrimidine) (Fig. 6.2). Sign in to download full-size image

How does the lagging strand of DNA begin replication?

The lagging strand begins replication by binding with multiple primers. Each primer is only several bases apart. DNA polymerase then adds pieces of DNA, called Okazaki fragments, to the strand between primers. This process of replication is discontinuous as the newly created fragments are disjointed.