What process converts mRNA messages into polypeptides?

KEY CONCEPT Translation converts an mRNA message into a polypeptide, or protein. Amino acids are coded by mRNA base sequences.

What is the process of translating mRNA?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.

How is the message from mRNA translated into proteins?

Once an mRNA has been produced, by transcription and processing the information present in its nucleotide sequence is used to synthesize a protein. The nucleotide sequence of a gene, through the medium of mRNA, is translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein by rules that are known as the genetic code.

During which process is mRNA converted into a sequence of amino acids for protein production?

translation
translation – the process in which a cell converts genetic information carried in an mRNA molecule into a protein.

What’s the process of transcription?

Transcription is the process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). The newly formed mRNA copies of the gene then serve as blueprints for protein synthesis during the process of translation.

What happens to mRNA after it is translated?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) mediates the transfer of genetic information from the cell nucleus to ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis. Once mRNAs enter the cytoplasm, they are translated, stored for later translation, or degraded. All mRNAs are ultimately degraded at a defined rate.

What event occurs during translocation?

A translocation occurs when a piece of one chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. This type of rearrangement is described as balanced if no genetic material is gained or lost in the cell. If there is a gain or loss of genetic material, the translocation is described as unbalanced .

What is translation process?

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). Translation of an mRNA molecule by the ribosome occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.

What are the amino acid specified by the mRNA during translation process?

At the start of the initiation phase of translation, the ribosome attaches to the mRNA strand and finds the beginning of the genetic message, called the start codon (Figure 4). This codon is almost always AUG, which corresponds to the amino acid methionine.

What is the process of converting mRNA to protein called?

The process converting the mRNA message into a sequence of amino acids on the surface of ribosomes is termed translation. The DNA code determining the sequence of amino acids is transferred to the site of protein synthesis (ribosomes) through mRNA as DNA does not move out of the nucleus.

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

The process of syntheis of mRNA carryoing the message of DNA is termed transcription. The process of the synthesis of protein molecule with sequence of amino acids as per the code in mRNA is termed translation .

How is DNA code transferred to the site of protein synthesis?

The DNA code determining the sequence of amino acids is transferred to the site of protein synthesis (ribosomes) through mRNA as DNA does not move out of the nucleus. The process of syntheis of mRNA carryoing the message of DNA is termed transcription.