Why are halogens deactivating groups but Ortho para directing?

Halogens: A Special Case Halogens are very electronegative. This means that inductively they are electron withdrawing. However, because of their ability to donate a lone pair of electrons in resonance forms, they are activators and ortho/para directing.

Why halides are ortho para directing?

Due to the lone pair of electrons, halogen groups are available for donating electrons. Hence they are therefore ortho / para directors.

Why is Cl deactivating but still Ortho para directing in nature?

Since- I effect of Chlorine is stronger than it’s +R effect hence Cl causes net deactivation. Further Resonance effect opposes the inductive effect, it makes deactivation less at Ortho and para positions. Hence, chlorine is ortho, para-directing in electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction.

Which group is both ortho para directing and ring deactivating?

Halogens. Halogens are an interesting hybrid case. They are ortho, para directors, but deactivators. Overall, they remove electron density from the ring, making it less reactive.

Why are halides deactivating?

The halogens deactivate the ring by inductive effect not by the resonance even though they have an unpaired pair of electrons. The unpaired pair of electrons gets donated to the ring, but the inductive effect pulls away the s electrons from the ring by the electronegativity of the halogens.

What is ortho directing group?

Ortho, para directing groups are electron-donating groups; meta directing groups are electron-withdrawing groups. The halide ions, which are electron-withdrawing but ortho, para directing, are the exception.

Are halogens deactivating groups?

Halogens are an exception of the deactivating group that directs the ortho or para substitution. The halogens deactivate the ring by inductive effect not by the resonance even though they have an unpaired pair of electrons.

Which of the following is an ortho para directing but deactivating?

Name an ortho-and para-directing deactivating group. Halogen atom present in benzene ring is ortho, para directing, but deactivating.

Why is Cl called deactivating?

The -I effect of chlorine withdraws electrons from the benzene ring. Hence tends to destabilize the intermediate carbocation formed during the electrophilic substitution. Since -I effect of Cl is stronger than its +R effect, hence Cl cause net deactivation.

Is Cl deactivating a group?

Halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) Are Deactivating For example, halogens (F, Cl, Br, I) tend to be deactivating. The rates of electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions on fluorobenzene, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, and iodobenzene are all slower than they are for benzene itself.

Why are halogens deactivating?

Which group is deactivating but op directing?

But the halogen groups are highly electronegative in nature but as they contain the lone pair of atoms in them that can go into extended conjugation with the electrons of the benzene therefore they act as the o, p-directing groups. But due to their highly electronegative nature they deactivate the benzene ring.

Why are halides ortho-para directors?

Halides are Moderately Deactivating, ortho-para directors. Why are halides -p directors : Due to resonance they give -ve charge at ortho and para positions. Thus comimg electrophile attacks ortho and para positions.

Why are halogens deactivating but ortho-para directing?

Ask New Question. Halogens are deactivating yet ortho para directing this is because of the fact they withdraw electrons by -I effect(i.e. they deactivate all the positions) but the deactivation at ortho n para positions is opposed by the +R effect of the halide atom.

Why are halides -P directors and deactivating?

Why are halides -p directors : Due to resonance they give -ve charge at ortho and para positions. Thus comimg electrophile attacks ortho and para positions. Why are halides deactivating : They also have -I effect which is stronger than the +R effect. So they reduce the charge on the ring and thus deactivate it.

What is the difference between ortho para and ortho N para halogens?

Halogens are deactivating yet ortho para directing this is because of the fact they withdraw electrons by -I effect (i.e. they deactivate all the positions) but the deactivation at ortho n para positions is opposed by the +R effect of the halide atom.